Economic impact of the ministry of defence’s budget: methodological design and results for the Spanish economy

This article analyses the economic impact of the expenditure budget of the Spanish Ministry of Defence (MoD) and its Autonomous Agencies (AA), distinguishing direct, indirect and induced effects. The input–output methodology is used to find intersectoral effects on the rest of the economy. The article quantifies the economic impact in terms of production, gross value added (GVA), employed population, tax revenue, and also in terms of its contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) of Spain in 2010. The results show that the activity of the MoD and AA generates 1.2% of the country’s GDP and 1.7% of total employment in that year.     

ATAM方法及其在C4ISR系统体系结构评价中的应用

ATAM(Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method)方法是一种评价信息系统体系结构级设计的方法,它通过对诸如性能、可更改性、可靠性、安全性等多个质量属性的分析来确定体系结构设计中的折衷点,从而降低设计风险.介绍了ATAM方法的基本概念、步骤,并给出了该方法在C4ISR系统体系结构评价中的一个应用实例.     

GNSS双接收机抗欺骗技术

欺骗干扰能使目标接收机得出错误的位置、时间结果,是GNSS应用安全性的一个严重威胁。提出一种利用两个接收机伪距测量值单差的抗欺骗方法,利用方差分析技术推导基于伪距单差的欺骗信号最优检测量,并分析检测量的统计特性。经分析,接收机噪声、接收机基线长度和卫星个数等参数对检测性能的影响较大;在接收机噪声和卫星个数未知的情况下,可以通过增大接收机基线长度来提高检测性能。仿真结果表明,当接收机间的基线长度为10 m时,0.01虚警概率下,欺骗信号的检测概率可达98%。     

Fabrication and analysis of TIG welding-brazing butt joints of in-situ TiB2/7050 composite and TA2

Lightweight hybrid structures of Al MMCs and titanium alloy dissimilar materials have great prospect in the defence industry application. So, it is necessary to join Al MMCs with Ti metal to achieve this structural design. In this work, in-situ TiB2/7050 composite and TA2 were firstly attempted to join by TIG welding-brazing technique. The result was that the intact welding-brazing butt joint was successfully fabricated. The joint presents dual characteristics, being a brazing on TA2 side and a welding on TiB2/7050 side. At brazing joint side, ER4043 filler metal effectively wets on TA2 under TIG heating condition, and a continuous interfacial reaction layer with 1—3μm is formed at welded metal/TA2 interface. The whole interfacial reaction layers are composed of Ti(AlSi)3 intermetallic compounds (IMCs), but their morphologies at the different regions present obvious distinguishes. The microhardness of the reaction layers is as much as 141—190 HV. At welding joints side, the fusion zone appears the equixaed crystal structure, and the grain sizes are much smaller than those of welded metal, which is attributed to the effect of TiB2 particulates from the melted TiB2/7050 on acceleration formation and inhibiting growth for the new crystal nucleus. The tensile test results show that average tensile strength of the optimal welding-brazing joint is able to achieve 138 MPa. The failure of the tensile joint occurs by quasi-cleavage pattern, and the cracks initiate from the IMCs layer at the groove surface of TA2 and propagate into the welded metal.     

学生“隐性流失”的法律关系分析

因学校对学生及其家长施加种种压力而产生的学生“隐性流失”是“普九”中的普遍现象。“隐性流失”从法律关系的角度看 ,其实质是九年制义务教育法律关系中义务人对权利人接受并完成九年制义务教育权利实施侵害甚至剥夺的结果 ,是对我国教育法律规范侵犯的结果。从违法行为人主观方面看 ,“隐性流失”包含的违法有两种 :一是主观故意的违法 ,二是主观过失的违法。确保学校和政府的“义务人”法律地位 ,应该成为控制“隐性流失”的关键。     

双基地两坐标雷达空间目标定位算法

本文提出了双基地雷达单独使用发射／接收站（Ｔ／Ｒ站）的目标斜距和方位角信息或接收站（Ｒ站）的目标距离和方位角信息分别对空中目标的二维定位算法，并给出了定位精度的分析方法。最后，通过计算机仿真讨论了算法的定位性能。     

TDOA被动定位方法及精度分析

本文提出了一种利用多站ＴＤＯＡ信息对辐射源定位的非线性方程组求解方法，该方法简洁准确，无需作迭代运算，计算量小。文中给出了该定位方法的精度分析，最后给出了在具体布站条件下的受控区域内的ＧＤＯＰ分布。     

应用最大熵谱估计进行导弹系统的仿真模型验证

探讨了导弹系统仿真模型验证的定量方法。依据最大熵谱估计方法分辨力高的特点，分析其近似统计特性，分别给出了两个样本和两个正态总体的一致性检验方法。仿真结果表明，利用最大熵谱估计进行有效性检验是可行的。最后给出了一个应用实例，应用谱估计方法进行寻的制导导弹数字仿真模型验证     

坐标变换对双/多基地雷达测量误差的影响

本文讨论了坐标变换对测量误差的影响,并且定量分析了坐标变换前后的测量误差变化情况,得出了相应的结论。     

求吊声一次搜潜概率的新方法

本文用不同于既往的研究方法,从对目标运动要素散布的分析入手,较合理地假设了目标的运动,进而用数学分析方法推得吊放声纳一次搜潜概率的解析模型。这一模型的突出特点是计算简便、实用性强,各参数的含义一目了然。